Tuesday, August 23, 2011
Setting PXE Network Boot Server in Linux
Dear All,
Here I am showing you another way to configure PXE Network Boot Server on Linux. I have shown this in my previous post PXE(Preboot eXecution Environment) Installation and Configuration . This will be really helpful when you have no CD/DVD Drive in your Client System.
Requirements : You will need following thing to be configure for this...
1.) Install the TFTP server:
Ensure you use the tftpd-hpa package, as PXELINUX requires that the boot server has a TFTP server which supports the “tsize” TFTP option. If you don’t use tftpd-hpa you will most likely see an error such as ‘TFTP server does not support the tsize option’.
You can make use of yum or can download it from net. I am showing you comtents of "/etc/xinetd.d/tftp" here
[root@server199 ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /tftpboot [-- my Dir where I have configure ftp Server]
disable = no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
2.) Install and configure dhcp server:
I am not going in detail of dhcp server just showing you contents of dhcpd.conf file.
[root@server199 ~]# cat /etc/dhcpd.conf
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
class "pxeclients" {
match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
next-server 192.168.2.199;
filename "linux-install/pxelinux.0";
}
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# --- default gateway
option routers 192.168.2.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
# option nis-domain "domain.org";
# option domain-name "xalted.org";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1;
option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
# option ntp-servers 192.168.1.1;
# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
# option netbios-node-type 2;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.197;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
}
3.) Setting up PXELINUX:
PXELINUX is a SYSLINUX derivative, for booting Linux off a network server. Essentially, it is used to load a linux kernel of your choice on to your machine. You specify which kernel to load in a config file. You can download the latest pxelinux.0 file from kernel.org. You will need to extract it from the syslinux archive .
You are going to be creating a folder structure that will eventually look like this:
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/pxelinux.cfg
[root@server199 /]# touch /tftpboot/linux-install/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/distros
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/distros/centos5.6
[root@server199 /]# vi /tftpboot/linux-install/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]# cat default
default local
timeout 100
prompt 1
display msgs/boot.msg
F1 msgs/boot.msg
F2 msgs/general.msg
F3 msgs/expert.msg
F4 msgs/param.msg
F5 msgs/rescue.msg
F7 msgs/snake.msg
label 0
localboot 1
label 1
kernel centos/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos/initrd.img ramdisk_size=8419 method=ftp://192.168.2.199/centos5.6 ip=dhcp
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]#
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]#
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]# cat /tftpboot/linux-install/menu.msg
.-=-. .--.
__ .' '. / " )
_ .' '. / .-. \ / .-'0c\0a
( \ / .-. \ / / \ \ / / 0c^0a
\ `-` / \ `-' / \ `-` /
`-.-` '.____.' `.____.'
07
_
__ _ _ __ __ _ ___ ___ _ __ __| | __ _
/ _` | '_ \ / _` |/ __/ _ \| '_ \ / _` |/ _` |
| (_| | | | | (_| | (_| (_) | | | | (_| | (_| |
\__,_|_| |_|\__,_|\___\___/|_| |_|\__,_|\__,_|
07
Choose one of the following labels in order to boot:
- linux (localboot)
- centos5.6
[root@server199 ~]# tree -d /tftpboot/
/tftpboot/ -----------Manual Created
`-- linux-install----------Manual Created
|-- centos-----------
|-- distros---------- Manual Created
| `-- centos5.6 ....Manual Created
| |-- CentOS
| |-- NOTES
| |-- images
| | |-- pxeboot
| | `-- xen
| |-- isolinux
| `-- repodata
|-- msgs ------------ Manual Created
`-- pxelinux.cfg -------- Manual Created
13 directories
[root@server199 linux-install]# tree msgs/
msgs/ --- Manual Created
`-- boot.msg ---- Manual Created
0 directories, 1 file
[root@server199 linux-install]# pwd
/tftpboot/linux-install
[root@server199 linux-install]# ll
total 48
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 22 12:42 centos
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 22 11:36 distros
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 620 Aug 22 11:41 menu.msg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 22 12:45 msgs
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26442 Aug 22 11:45 pxelinux.0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 23 12:44 pxelinux.cfg
[root@server199 linux-install]#
4.) Setting up ftp Server :
Finally Setup ftp server. You can install vsftpd using yum or can download from net. I am just showing you my vsftpd.conf file.
[root@server199 ~]# cat /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=NO
tcp_wrappers=YES
vsftpd_log_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
# Allow anonymous FTP?
anon_max_rate=0
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
anon_root=/tftpboot/linux-install/distros
anon_world_readable_only=YES
anon_umask=0022
anon_upload_enable=NO
anon_other_write_enable=NO
no_anon_password=NO
userlist_deny=NO
Now copy the Centos5.6 DVD to location "/tftpboot/linux-install/distros".
[root@server199 distros]# ll
total 4 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Aug 22 12:03 centos5.6
[root@server199 distros]# cd centos5.6/
[root@server199 centos5.6]# ls
CentOS NOTES RELEASE-NOTES-en.html RELEASE-NOTES-fr.html RELEASE-NOTES-pt_BR.html TRANS.TBL
EULA RELEASE-NOTES-cs RELEASE-NOTES-en_US RELEASE-NOTES-ja RELEASE-NOTES-ro vmlinuz
GPL RELEASE-NOTES-cs.html RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html RELEASE-NOTES-ja.html RELEASE-NOTES-ro.html
images RELEASE-NOTES-de RELEASE-NOTES-es RELEASE-NOTES-nl repodata
initrd.img RELEASE-NOTES-de.html RELEASE-NOTES-es.html RELEASE-NOTES-nl.html RPM-GPG-KEY-beta
isolinux RELEASE-NOTES-en RELEASE-NOTES-fr RELEASE-NOTES-pt_BR RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
Finally restart the following services:
[root@server199 linux-install]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
Stopping xinetd: [ OK ]
Starting xinetd: [ OK ]
[root@server199 linux-install]# /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
Shutting down vsftpd: [ OK ]
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]
[root@server199 linux-install]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart
Shutting down dhcpd: [ OK ]
Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]
[root@server199 linux-install]#
Last Step add "pxeos" entry by issuing following command:
[root@server199 linux-install]# pxeos -a -i "Centos5.6" -p FTP -D 0 -s 192.168.2.199 -L /centos5.6/ centos
[root@server199 linux-install]#
and then test it from client by changing boot order of client system and make PXE Boot as First boot device.
!Enjoy
Feel free to comment....
Here I am showing you another way to configure PXE Network Boot Server on Linux. I have shown this in my previous post PXE(Preboot eXecution Environment) Installation and Configuration . This will be really helpful when you have no CD/DVD Drive in your Client System.
Requirements : You will need following thing to be configure for this...
- A DHCP server
- A TFTP server (tftpd-hpa)
- vmlinuz and initrd.img from your distribution of choice
- The PXELINUX.0 boot loader and a suitable config file
- Network installation Server that may be NFS, FTP, or HTTP. Here I am using ftp server.
- system-config-netboot package for pxeos commands.
1.) Install the TFTP server:
Ensure you use the tftpd-hpa package, as PXELINUX requires that the boot server has a TFTP server which supports the “tsize” TFTP option. If you don’t use tftpd-hpa you will most likely see an error such as ‘TFTP server does not support the tsize option’.
You can make use of yum or can download it from net. I am showing you comtents of "/etc/xinetd.d/tftp" here
[root@server199 ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /tftpboot [-- my Dir where I have configure ftp Server]
disable = no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
2.) Install and configure dhcp server:
I am not going in detail of dhcp server just showing you contents of dhcpd.conf file.
[root@server199 ~]# cat /etc/dhcpd.conf
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
class "pxeclients" {
match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
next-server 192.168.2.199;
filename "linux-install/pxelinux.0";
}
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# --- default gateway
option routers 192.168.2.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
# option nis-domain "domain.org";
# option domain-name "xalted.org";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1;
option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
# option ntp-servers 192.168.1.1;
# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
# option netbios-node-type 2;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.197;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
}
3.) Setting up PXELINUX:
PXELINUX is a SYSLINUX derivative, for booting Linux off a network server. Essentially, it is used to load a linux kernel of your choice on to your machine. You specify which kernel to load in a config file. You can download the latest pxelinux.0 file from kernel.org. You will need to extract it from the syslinux archive .
You are going to be creating a folder structure that will eventually look like this:
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/pxelinux.cfg
[root@server199 /]# touch /tftpboot/linux-install/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/distros
[root@server199 /]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/linux-install/distros/centos5.6
[root@server199 /]# vi /tftpboot/linux-install/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]# cat default
default local
timeout 100
prompt 1
display msgs/boot.msg
F1 msgs/boot.msg
F2 msgs/general.msg
F3 msgs/expert.msg
F4 msgs/param.msg
F5 msgs/rescue.msg
F7 msgs/snake.msg
label 0
localboot 1
label 1
kernel centos/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos/initrd.img ramdisk_size=8419 method=ftp://192.168.2.199/centos5.6 ip=dhcp
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]#
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]#
[root@server199 pxelinux.cfg]# cat /tftpboot/linux-install/menu.msg
.-=-. .--.
__ .' '. / " )
_ .' '. / .-. \ / .-'0c\0a
( \ / .-. \ / / \ \ / / 0c^0a
\ `-` / \ `-' / \ `-` /
`-.-` '.____.' `.____.'
07
_
__ _ _ __ __ _ ___ ___ _ __ __| | __ _
/ _` | '_ \ / _` |/ __/ _ \| '_ \ / _` |/ _` |
| (_| | | | | (_| | (_| (_) | | | | (_| | (_| |
\__,_|_| |_|\__,_|\___\___/|_| |_|\__,_|\__,_|
07
Choose one of the following labels in order to boot:
- linux (localboot)
- centos5.6
[root@server199 ~]# tree -d /tftpboot/
/tftpboot/ -----------Manual Created
`-- linux-install----------Manual Created
|-- centos-----------
|-- distros---------- Manual Created
| `-- centos5.6 ....Manual Created
| |-- CentOS
| |-- NOTES
| |-- images
| | |-- pxeboot
| | `-- xen
| |-- isolinux
| `-- repodata
|-- msgs ------------ Manual Created
`-- pxelinux.cfg -------- Manual Created
13 directories
[root@server199 linux-install]# tree msgs/
msgs/ --- Manual Created
`-- boot.msg ---- Manual Created
0 directories, 1 file
[root@server199 linux-install]# pwd
/tftpboot/linux-install
[root@server199 linux-install]# ll
total 48
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 22 12:42 centos
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 22 11:36 distros
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 620 Aug 22 11:41 menu.msg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 22 12:45 msgs
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26442 Aug 22 11:45 pxelinux.0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 23 12:44 pxelinux.cfg
[root@server199 linux-install]#
4.) Setting up ftp Server :
Finally Setup ftp server. You can install vsftpd using yum or can download from net. I am just showing you my vsftpd.conf file.
[root@server199 ~]# cat /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=NO
tcp_wrappers=YES
vsftpd_log_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
# Allow anonymous FTP?
anon_max_rate=0
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
anon_root=/tftpboot/linux-install/distros
anon_world_readable_only=YES
anon_umask=0022
anon_upload_enable=NO
anon_other_write_enable=NO
no_anon_password=NO
userlist_deny=NO
Now copy the Centos5.6 DVD to location "/tftpboot/linux-install/distros".
[root@server199 distros]# ll
total 4 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Aug 22 12:03 centos5.6
[root@server199 distros]# cd centos5.6/
[root@server199 centos5.6]# ls
CentOS NOTES RELEASE-NOTES-en.html RELEASE-NOTES-fr.html RELEASE-NOTES-pt_BR.html TRANS.TBL
EULA RELEASE-NOTES-cs RELEASE-NOTES-en_US RELEASE-NOTES-ja RELEASE-NOTES-ro vmlinuz
GPL RELEASE-NOTES-cs.html RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html RELEASE-NOTES-ja.html RELEASE-NOTES-ro.html
images RELEASE-NOTES-de RELEASE-NOTES-es RELEASE-NOTES-nl repodata
initrd.img RELEASE-NOTES-de.html RELEASE-NOTES-es.html RELEASE-NOTES-nl.html RPM-GPG-KEY-beta
isolinux RELEASE-NOTES-en RELEASE-NOTES-fr RELEASE-NOTES-pt_BR RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
Finally restart the following services:
[root@server199 linux-install]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
Stopping xinetd: [ OK ]
Starting xinetd: [ OK ]
[root@server199 linux-install]# /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
Shutting down vsftpd: [ OK ]
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]
[root@server199 linux-install]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart
Shutting down dhcpd: [ OK ]
Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]
[root@server199 linux-install]#
Last Step add "pxeos" entry by issuing following command:
[root@server199 linux-install]# pxeos -a -i "Centos5.6" -p FTP -D 0 -s 192.168.2.199 -L /centos5.6/ centos
[root@server199 linux-install]#
and then test it from client by changing boot order of client system and make PXE Boot as First boot device.
!Enjoy
Feel free to comment....
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